Pharmacodynamics Xylazine Hydrochloride is a potent 2 adrenergic receptor agonist with significant sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxation effects. Although many of the pharmacological effects of xylazine are similar to those of morphine, it does not induce central excitation but rather sedation and significant depression in cats, horses and cattle. The relaxation effect on skeletal muscle is related to the inhibition of nerve impulse conduction at the central level. After intramuscular injection, it can often induce vomiting in cats and occasionally in dogs.
The effects of xylazine Hydrochloride on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are variable. The blood pressure of most animals increases initially after administration, but then due to the decompression reflex, the blood pressure drops for a long time, the heart rate slows down, and the heart is slow. In addition, the drug can reduce sympathetic excitability, enhance vagus nerve activity, and cause excessive salivation in ruminants. The effect on respiration is a decrease in respiratory rate. It also has a specific excitatory impact on uterine smooth muscle, increasing the tension of bovine uterine muscle and intrauterine pressure. It should be used with caution in pregnant livestock.
Xylazine Hydrochloride combined with central nervous system depressants such as chloral hydrate, thiopental sodium or pentobarbital sodium can enhance the inhibitory effect. This product can improve the analgesic effect of ketamine, relax the muscles, and antagonize the excitatory response of its central nervous system.
Cattle should fast for a certain period before using this product and injecting atropine; during the operation, they should adopt a prone position and lower their head to prevent foreign body pneumonia and reduce rumen flatulence when compressing the heart and lungs. If accidentally poisoned, it can be rescued by 2 receptor blockers and atropine.